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KMID : 0861020130280010083
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Korea Journal of Herbology
2013 Volume.28 No. 1 p.83 ~ p.90
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Effect of Tetramethylpyrazine on Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Expressions in Mouse Brain Tissue following Intracerebroventricular Lipopolysaccharide Treatment
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Choi Yong-Seok
Won Jong-Woo
Yoo In-Woo
Shin Jung-Won
Kim Seong-Joon
Sohn Nak-Won
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Abstract
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Objectives : Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) is an active ingredient in Ligusticum wallichii and has a wide range of neuroprotection effects. This study investigated anti-neuroinflammatory effect of TMP on brain regions in intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated C57BL/6 mice.
Methods : TMP was administered intraperitoneally at doses of 10, 20, and 30 mg/kg at 1 h prior to LPS (3 mg/kg) i.c.v. injection. mRNA level of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF- α), interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, was measured in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and hypothalamus tissue using real-time polymerase chain reaction at 24 h after the LPS injection. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) positive cells in the hypothalamus was also observed using immunohistochemistry at 24 h after the LPS injection.
Results : At a dose of 30 mg/kg TMP significantly attenuated up-regulation of TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA in the cerebral cortex and IL-1β mRNA in the hippocampus. In the hypothalamus, doses of 20 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg TMP significantly attenuated up-regulation of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 mRNA induced by the LPS injection. In addition, TMP (30 mg/kg) significantly reduced the number of COX-2 positive cells in the hypothalamus.
Conclusion : These results indicate that TMP has an anti-inflammatory effect on neuroinflammation, especially in the hypothalamus, induced by LPS i.c.v. injection and suggest that TMP-containing Ligusticum wallichii may play a modulatory role on the systemic responses following hypothalamic inflammation.
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KEYWORD
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Ligusticum wallichii, Tetramethylpyrazine, Neuroinflammation, Pro-inflammatory cytokine, Hypothalamic inflammation
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